◉Uburyo bwo guhitamoimirasire y'izubani ikibazo kinini cyane abakoresha benshi batindiganya, kuko, guhitamo panne ya fotovoltaque bigena neza urukurikirane rwibibazo mugukoresha nyuma ya fotokoltaque no kuyishyiraho hamwe nubuyobozi bwo kubungabunga nyuma.
Guhitamo imirasire y'izuba ni inzira yo gufata ibyemezo birimo ibintu byinshi. Hano haribintu bimwe byingenzi bitekerezwaho ukurikije amakuru nuburambe buturuka ahantu hatandukanye:
◉1. Imbaraga nubushobozi
Imbaraga zaimirasire y'izubabivuga ubushobozi bwo kubyara amashanyarazi kuri buri gihe, mubisanzwe bipimirwa muri watts (W). Mugihe uhisemo imirasire y'izuba, ugomba guhitamo ingufu zikwiye ukurikije amashanyarazi ukeneye. Niba amashanyarazi ari menshi, birasabwa guhitamo imirasire y'izuba ifite ingufu nyinshi kugirango amashanyarazi ashobore kuboneka.
Imikorere yaimirasire y'izubabivuga igipimo cyingufu zizuba zahinduwe mumashanyarazi, mubisanzwe bigaragazwa nkijanisha. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhisemo imirasire yizuba, ugomba guhitamo imikorere ikwiranye ningengo yimari yawe hamwe namashanyarazi.
◉2 、 Ikirango n'ibikoresho
Ikirango nacyo ni ikintu cyingenzi muguhitamoimirasire y'izuba. PV paneli yibirango bizwi mubisanzwe bifite ubuziranenge kandi bwiza nyuma yo kugurisha, bishobora kurushaho kurengera uburenganzira ninyungu zabaguzi. Kubwibyo, birasabwa guhitamo panne ya PV yibirango bizwi.
Ibikoresho byizuba ryizuba nabyo ni ngombwa kwitabwaho. Ibikoresho rusange byaimirasire y'izubaku isoko uyumunsi ni silicon monocrystalline, silicon polycrystalline na silicon amorphous. Muri byo, silikoni ya monocrystalline ifite imikorere ihanitse, ariko kandi ihenze cyane; polycrystalline silicon ifite ubushobozi bwa kabiri bwo hejuru kandi igiciro gito; amorphous silicon ifite imikorere mike, ariko niyo ihendutse. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhisemo imirasire yizuba, ugomba guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiranye ningengo yimari yawe hamwe namashanyarazi.
◉Agaciro k'ikirango kagaragarira cyane cyane muburyo bwiza bwibicuruzwa, mugihe ibikoresho ahanini bigena imikoreshereze yizuba ryizuba, guhitamo neza ibirango nibikoresho bishobora gutuma gutinda bitinda kurushaho kuba umutekano.
◉3 、 Ingano hamwe nibisabwa
Ingano nogutunganya imirasire yizuba bigomba guhitamo ukurikije umwanya washyizweho. Niba umwanya ari muto, urashobora guhitamo ingano ntoya cyangwa yoroheje ya firime izuba. Byongeye kandi, birakenewe kandi gusuzuma ibyerekeranye no gukoresha imirasire y'izuba, nk'amashanyarazi yo mu rugo, inyubako z'ubucuruzi, kwishyuza ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, n'ibindi.
◉4. Igiciro nigiciro-cyiza
Mugihe uhisemo imirasire yizuba, ugomba no gutekereza kubiciro kandi bikoresha neza. Usibye igiciro cyibikoresho byizuba ubwabyo, ugomba gutekereza kubiciro byo kwishyiriraho, amafaranga yo kubungabunga, hamwe no kuzigama igihe kirekire. Inyungu ku ishoramari irashobora gusuzumwa mu kubara igihe cyo kwishyura imirasire y'izuba.
◉5. Umutekano no kwizerwa
Ni ngombwa guhitamo imirasire y'izuba ifite ireme ryiza kandi yizewe kugirango harebwe ingufu z'amashanyarazi igihe kirekire. Urashobora kugenzura ibyemezo byizuba ryizuba, nka CE, IEC nibindi byemezo mpuzamahanga, hamwe nibisobanuro byabakoresha na politiki ya serivise nyuma yo kugurisha.
Ibyavuzwe haruguru ni amagambo yoroshye yavuzwe mu byerekezo byinshi byo guhitamo imirasire y'izuba. Ariko kuri mwese, aya magambo murayasanga cyane kuri enterineti, nta gutanga intego isobanutse.
◉Muri icyo gihe, nzaguha igipimo: ukurikije igiciro cyibice, uko imbaraga zuba zikoresha izuba, niko imikorere yikiguzi nayo iba myinshi. Mubisanzwe birasabwa guha ingufu 550W yibikoresho bisanzwe bifotora nkibihitamo byambere, ubu bwoko bwamafoto yerekana amashusho angana na 2278 * 1134 * 35, birashobora no gukoreshwa mubice byinshi.
◉Ibi bisobanuro byerekana imirasire y'izuba bikoreshwa cyane, amadome menshi yinganda, amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi, imirima, umwanya ufunguye, parikingi y’amashanyarazi n’ibindi bikoreshwa muri ubu buryo. Icyitegererezo rusange gisobanura ibikoresho byuzuye hamwe nigiciro cyiza / igipimo cyimikorere. Impamvu ituma tubisaba ni ukuguha ibipimo, urashobora kugereranya bimwe kuriki gipimo, ukagereranya nigiciro cyacyo, hanyuma ukurikije ibidukikije byihariye kugirango uhindure ibintu ukurikije imiterere yaho. Kurugero, uturere tumwe na tumwe dufite ikirere gikabije, inkubi y'umuyaga, nibindi, hanyuma muribi bisobanuro, urashobora guhitamo imirasire yizuba itagira urubura, cyangwa ugahitamo imiterere ikomeye. Urundi rugero, uduce tumwe na tumwe twibasiwe nubutaka bwarwo, urashobora gushyirwaho mumwanya muto, gukenera sisitemu nini, ikora neza ya fotokoltaque, noneho urashobora guhitamo igipimo cyingufu zingufu kugirango ugere kumasoko agezweho murwego rwo hejuru rwizuba ryizuba, hamwe no kongeramo ibyuma bikurikirana cyangwa igihe cyizuba cyizuba, kugirango inzira zombi, mubisanzwe, zishobora kugera kubigega byinshi byingufu.
◉Mu ncamake, mugihe uhisemo imirasire yizuba, ugomba gusuzuma byimazeyo ibintu nkimbaraga, imikorere, ikirango, ibikoresho, ingano, ibintu byakoreshejwe, ikiguzi, ikiguzi-cyiza, umutekano no kwizerwa. Nizere ko aya makuru ashobora kugufasha guhitamo neza.
→ Kubicuruzwa byose, serivisi hamwe namakuru agezweho, nyamunekatwandikire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-20-2024